From 21 through 24 May 2007, DIILS conducted a seminar on Peacekeeping for Decision Makers for members of the Zambian Army, Air Force, National Service, and National Police. An experienced audience of Zambian participants took part, with over half of the participants having deployed in at least one UN or AU mission abroad, and the remainder either serving in instructor billets or senior advisory positions at the MoD or National Police. The DIILS program emphasized the vital concerns required for a nation to participate in peacekeeping, including Doctrine, Law of Armed Conflict, Leadership, and National Policy.